Orthopedics

The orthopedic examination is used to identify problems in the musculoskeletal system. It usually starts with a gait scan and often ends with a neurological exam to determine the exact nature of the problem.

Examining the gait pattern is often helpful for mild lameness, as this is often only noticeable when walking faster. A video of the animal owner is often helpful, as problems can be “dispensed” in stressful situations due to stress hormones in the animals' bodies, which reduce pain and other conditions of suffering. An initial orthopedic examination is then carried out while standing. In most cases, this starts with a healthy limb in order to be able to assess the animal's normal reaction. During the examination, bones and joints are scanned and the joints are moved in all directions. Special tests, such as the knee joint drawer test, provide further information. Attention is also paid to swelling, pain reactions and joint noises (crepitations).

An examination in a lateral position is also often necessary, as the muscles relax when lying down and the joints can be moved and examined better. Often, the orthopedic exam is completed with a neurological exam to ensure that the problem is orthopedic and not neurological in nature.